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Main types of rural settlements. Types of settlements in Russia. Main types of rural settlements Main types of rural settlements represented in Russia

Eloquent, florid, prophetic, sweet-tongued, eloquent. What he says so eloquently, look, what a miracle! Turg. He has the gift of speech; he speaks floridly. Wed... Synonym dictionary

ELOQUETIVE, oh, oh; Iv. 1. Gifted with eloquence. K. speaker. 2. transfer Expressive, clearly indicating something. K. look. K. fact. | noun eloquence, and, female Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

eloquent- unusually eloquent... Dictionary of Russian Idioms

Adj. 1. Distinguished by eloquence. 2. Full of eloquence. 3. transfer Without words, but very expressively conveying feelings or moods. Ott. Convincing evidence of something. Ephraim's explanatory dictionary. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova

Eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent, eloquent,... ... Forms of words

eloquent- eloquent... Russian spelling dictionary

eloquent - … Spelling dictionary of the Russian language

eloquent- eloquence/howl... Together. Apart. Hyphenated.

Aya, oh; chiv, ah, oh. 1. One who knows how to speak well, beautifully, and has eloquence. K. speaker. K. interlocutor. 2. Expressively, skillfully presented; full of eloquence. To oh letter. The next performance. 3. Clearly and expressively conveying... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Books

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Russia is one of the ten largest countries in the world in terms of population. The latest census, which was conducted in 2010, shows that the country is home to more than 142 million people.

Organized compact living of people forms human settlements. Their main types represented in Russia are city, urban-type settlement, village, hamlet, stanitsa, hamlet, aul. The formation of settlements is due to many reasons. Settlements primarily appear in areas with the most favorable climatic and relief conditions, industrial and economic potential.

Russia is a country with rather harsh climatic conditions, which, of course, primarily influences the formation of a system of settlements. The most densely populated territory of the Russian Federation is the central part.

Another factor influencing settlement is the industrial potential of the territories. Taking into account the fact that the main mineral deposits in Russia are located in its northern territory, this part of the country is the most industrially developed region with a fairly high population density.

Let's consider the types of settlements in the Russian Federation.

Cities and villages

What types of settlements are there? All settlements in the Russian Federation are divided into urban and rural, which reflects the main type of employment of people.

The dominant population of the Russian Federation lives in the city. This fact can be explained by both social and material reasons. Cities are predominantly centers of civilization with developed infrastructure, the presence of cultural and social facilities, and more comfortable living conditions compared to rural ones. It is these reasons that cause the outflow of the rural population from the outback and the virtual extinction of small rural settlements.

This process of dominance of cities over villages is called urbanization. Primarily, cities in Russia were industrial centers that allowed starving peasants to survive. The development of these centers led to their expansion and, as a consequence, an increase in the number of people living in them. Today, three quarters of the country's population lives in cities.

The main classification reflecting the types of settlements is the classification associated with population size.

Characteristics of cities by population

The total number of cities in Russia exceeds 2 thousand names, of which one thousand one hundred cities and over two thousand. For Russia, cities are considered settlements where the number of people living in which is at least twelve thousand people, of which more than 90 percent are employed in production, social sphere and service sector.

Moscow is the main city of the Russian Federation, its capital, where more than 10 million people live.

The population size allows cities to be divided into the following types of settlements:

  • Super-large cities, or millionaire cities, with a population exceeding three million. There are 2 such cities in Russia - Moscow and St. Petersburg.
  • The largest cities, with populations ranging from one to three million. There are 13 cities in Russia with a population in the stated range, among them Ekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Omsk, Rostov-on-Don, and Ufa.
  • Large cities with populations ranging from two hundred fifty thousand to one million. There are more than forty such cities in Russia.
  • Large cities where the number of people living ranges from one hundred to two hundred and fifty thousand. In the country their number has exceeded nine dozen.
  • Medium-sized cities with a population of fifty to one hundred thousand. Their number exceeded one and a half hundred.
  • Small towns and villages with no more than fifty thousand people.

The most intensive population growth occurs in large and major cities, which is due to their industrial and economic progress.

Urban agglomerations

Speaking about urban types of settlements in Russia, it is also necessary to dwell on the concept of “urban agglomeration”. This concept means the cooperation of medium-sized cities located close to a large city, which are united by labor, infrastructure, industrial and other types of connections.

Such medium-sized cities are called satellite cities. Satellite cities reduce population density in large ones.

The most important factor contributing to the emergence of agglomerations is developed transport connections between cities. In Russia, satellite cities have been formed near Kuibyshev, Moscow, and St. Petersburg.

When agglomerations unite, megacities are formed. In Russia today no megacities have been formed.

Characteristics of cities by structural characteristics

The territorial structure of Russia allows us to distinguish the following types of urban settlements: federal, regional (regional, regional, republican, etc.) and district significance.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation defines St. Petersburg and Sevastopol.

Cities of regional significance are considered to be settlements that perform the functions of an economic and cultural center, characterized by developed industry and a population exceeding thirty thousand people.

However, the quantitative indicators of the population in such cities are not exceptional; rather, they are a priority. A more significant criterion for classifying cities as cities of regional significance can be considered their social and economic indicators, achievements in the social and cultural sphere, historical uniqueness, and long-term plans for increasing population growth and economic development. In addition to the above criteria, to classify cities as cities of regional significance, cities with a regional structure must also be taken into account.

Requirements for the number of residents in cities of regional significance are individual in each subject of the Russian Federation. As a rule, these include urban settlements with a population of less than fifty thousand. On the territory of such cities, industry operates, the public utilities sector is developed, educational, medical and trade institutions, as well as cultural institutions, provide services.

Characteristics of cities by functional characteristics

The following typological classification into types of settlements involves their division, which is based on the functions performed. Those functions include: political-administrative, industrial, transport, trade, scientific, military, recreational (health) functions. Depending on the number of functions performed by the city, they are divided into monofunctional and multifunctional.

Characteristics of cities by economic and geographical location

There is also a gradation of cities into types of settlements according to their economic and geographical location:

  • located near a mineral deposit;
  • related to railway infrastructure;
  • port;
  • industrial and transport.

Settlement

An intermediate link between city and village in Russia is an urban-type settlement. This interimity affects the quantitative composition of such settlements, as well as the sphere of employment of the population.

The total number of urban-type settlements in the Russian Federation exceeds 1,200 units. The number of people living in such villages can vary from several dozen people to several thousand. The largest urban settlement in Russia is the village of Ordzhonikidzevskaya, where more than 64 thousand people live.

There are several subtypes of urban-type settlements that are located outside the city. Such settlements are considered: workers' settlements where industrial facilities are located (population up to three thousand people); resort villages (population up to two thousand people); holiday villages.

Rural settlements are most widely represented in Russia. Their total number exceeds 150 thousand. A quarter of these areas can be classified as sparsely populated, with less than 10 people living in them.

Despite the significant number of rural settlements, the number of people living in them is slightly more than twenty percent of the total population of Russia.

This state of affairs is due to the low standard of living in the village and its poor technological equipment, which, in turn, leads to migration of the population to the cities.

Types of settlements, depending on the size of their population, can be divided as follows:

  • Large with a population exceeding five thousand.
  • Large with a population of up to five thousand.
  • Medium-sized with a population ranging from two hundred to one thousand people.
  • Small with a population of up to two hundred people.

The main types of rural settlements represented in Russia

  • A village is a large settlement in which there is or used to be a church. It serves as a local center.
  • The village is a small settlement that historically did not have a church.
  • The village is a new type of rural settlement that arose during the Soviet Union.
  • Aul is a settlement in which the ethnic population is represented: Adyghe, Abaza and Nogai.
  • A farm is a settlement with an individual farm, consisting of outbuildings, the number of which does not exceed 10.
  • Stanitsa is a settlement formed by the Cossacks. The largest village in the country is Kanevskaya, Krasnodar Territory, its population is about 45 thousand people.

The types of settlements in Russia have been formed over many years. The organization of settlements is greatly influenced by natural and climatic factors. - the main type of employment of people living in villages today. Favorable weather conditions play a major role here.

Considering that in the vast majority of cases villages are monofunctional, today the main types of settlements are cities.

Summarize

Having considered the topic “What types of settlements have been formed on the territory of the Russian Federation,” we can conclude that rural settlements quantitatively predominate, but the population density in urban areas is much higher.

RED BRITHFULNESS

RED BRITHFULNESS, red brittleness, pl. no, female (those.). distracted noun to red brittle. The reason why iron is red-brittle is the presence of sulfur in it.

REDFINISH

REDFINISH, redfin, redfin (special).

1. About birds: with red plumage. Red-feathered bird.

2. About fish: with red fins. Redfin perch.

ELOQUENCE

ELOQUENCE, eloquence, pl. no, female (book). distracted noun to eloquent.

ELOQUENT

ELOQUENT, eloquent, eloquent; eloquent, eloquent, eloquent (book).

1. Gifted with oratorical talent. An eloquent speaker.

*| Presented convincingly and artistically. An eloquent speech. An eloquent letter.

2. transfer Expressive, conveying some feeling or mood. An eloquent look. An eloquent handshake. An eloquent gesture.

3. transfer Indicative, clearly indicating something. An eloquent fact. Eloquent figures exposed the speaker who was trying to cover up the breakthrough. The facts speak quite eloquently (adv.).

Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov - (Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by Ushakov D.N., 1935-1940.)