Disconnection of a boiler room in a private house. Boiler room in a wooden house - features of construction and arrangement. Requirements for the installation of gas boiler equipment

21.10.2023

Have you decided to make a boiler room? In this case, you need to familiarize yourself with the features of this building and the methods of its construction. Requirements for the boiler room are determined depending on what type of fuel will be used and where it will be located.

So, according to their location, boiler rooms are:

Detached - are separate buildings connected to the house only by utility lines. This is the best solution, because in this case you are not limited in choosing a heating boiler; the boiler room will in no way disturb the peace of the people living in the house.
Attached boiler rooms are separate buildings that are adjacent to the house with one wall.
Built-in boiler rooms are always located in one of the rooms of the house. In accordance with safety regulations, not every heating unit can be installed in a house.

Primary requirements

A maximum of two boilers can be used in one boiler room. Supply and exhaust ventilation, and accordingly the chimney, must correspond to the power and design of the installed unit for heating the living space.

You cannot store any flammable materials or substances in the boiler room!

Walls can be built from concrete or brick. The floor can be covered with metal sheets, porcelain tiles can also be laid on it, or simply left concrete. As for the walls, they can be faced with non-flammable mineral plaster or tiles. The boiler room door must have fireproof properties. There should always be sufficient space around the boiler for ease of operation and maintenance. The size of the boiler room is determined in the technical documentation. From this article you will learn how to build a universal, free-standing boiler room.

Construction of a free-standing boiler house

First, you should take care of the presence of a house grounding loop. To do this, drive 4 metal pipes with a diameter of 57 mm into the ground around the perimeter. The driving depth is 3 m, after which the pipes need to be connected to each other, this can be done by welding. Make a connection to the grounding of the house circuit using steel rods with a diameter of 12 mm.

After the strip foundation is ready, you can begin to build load-bearing walls, while it is important to provide a hole for ventilation in the lower or upper part of the wall. The boiler room must have its own walls, which are a separate structure not connected with the house. To avoid any missteps, buy home heating equipment, the passport of which specifies the fundamental requirements for construction.

The safety of people's lives depends on how well the boiler room meets the requirements!

Now you need to install the gas pipeline section before lowering. It is worth noting that the omission itself is done only by specialists from the relevant organization. However, provide the hole in advance during the construction of the boiler room. If the room is large, then it is better to have two small windows. This will provide an opportunity to ventilate the room well if necessary. In addition, in this way more uniform natural lighting of the boiler room is organized.

When building a boiler room, it is extremely important to provide for ventilation. To do this, make a hole in the upper part of the load-bearing wall. It is worth noting that ventilation can be not only top, but also bottom. It is most effective to make a combined ventilation system.

In a boiler room with a gas-fired boiler, a forced ventilation system cannot be installed. The minimum width of the entrance door also matters; it should not be narrower than 80 cm.

Upper ceiling device

In the event of an accident, the ceiling will serve as a valve that will protect the structure from explosion, which means that it must be light. You can't think it will be cold. A suspended ceiling will need to be attached to the joists. Make it from boards 30 mm thick. After this, it is necessary to lay bituminized paper, on which a layer of sawdust should then be poured. Finish the ceiling from the inside with heat-insulating material having a thickness of 4 mm. And then install the sheathing.

Boards and sheathing must be treated with fire-retardant agents.

After the construction of the boiler room building itself is completed, it needs to be formalized by carrying out finishing work. Plaster all the walls and level the floor.

Finishing features

Interior finishing must be of high quality.

Walls. Cover them with thermal insulation materials around the perimeter. Install bars for air gaps. The PVC panel will be attached to the bars in the future.
Floor. It can be left cement, but if you want to keep this room clean, it is better to put porcelain tiles on the floor.

To ensure uninterrupted operation of a double-circuit boiler, a place should be provided for supplying cold water to the boiler and, accordingly, discharging hot water from it to the house.

If an electric boiler is installed

An electric boiler is the safest unit for heating a home. The coolant in this boiler does not emit combustion products, and, therefore, ventilation is not needed for its installation. Electric boilers are easy to install, easy to care for and maintain. The efficiency of an electric boiler in many cases reaches 99%. The units operate almost silently. The disadvantage of the boiler is complete dependence on the power supply. In addition, for a house with an area of 200 m2, a boiler with a capacity of 20 kW is required.

Features of the room for installation of a solid fuel boiler

The explosion hazard of solid fuel boilers is minimized, therefore there are few requirements for the premises intended for their installation. Fuel must be added to the boiler regularly, which means access to it must always be free. The distance between the wall and the unit must be at least 10 cm. A steel sheet is laid on the floor in front of the firebox. The floor, as well as the walls, must be finished with non-combustible materials. A window for a boiler room with a solid fuel boiler is calculated in accordance with the following formula: for 1 kW of boiler power, 8 cm 2 of window area is required.

As for the chimney, special openings should be provided for its cleaning and inspection. The chimney shaft must have a minimum of bends and the same cross-section along the length. It is important to plaster the surface of the chimney from the inside or insert an asbestos-cement pipe into the shaft.

Requirements for a boiler room with a gas boiler

The area of the boiler room must be at least 6 m2, while its volume cannot be less than 15 m3.
Natural ventilation must be installed in the boiler room.
The height in a gas boiler room must be at least 2.5 m.
The window must have an area of at least 0.5 m2.
For emergency drainage and condensate collection, the boiler room must be connected to the sewer system.
The chimney pipe must be above the roof ridge. The chimney must be equipped with additional channels for cleaning.
It is important to install the gas boiler so that there is free space around it for convenient operation.

Now you know how to make a boiler room in your house. It is very important to comply with all requirements. In this case, the units will work properly without posing a danger to household members.

Video

Start of boiler house construction:

The issue of heating a living space and providing it with hot water is one of the most important for any homeowner. In the city, as a rule, there are no problems with this. Entire services work there to provide homes with heat. But in the conditions of private home ownership, everything may not be so simple. Therefore, it is quite important to determine exactly how to make a boiler room in the house correctly.

It is necessary to immediately make a reservation that the described process is quite complex and will require considerable knowledge and skills in a variety of areas of construction, and some of its stages will even require the services of professionals. But at the same time, everyone should have a general idea of what a boiler room is, what components it consists of, and what rules should be followed for its construction.

general description

Before moving on to the description of the technological aspects of the boiler house construction process, it is worth deciding what should be understood by this. So, a boiler room can be considered a room specially created or equipped to house heating equipment and control the heating system. And also to ensure the possibility of maintenance and, if necessary, repair of this equipment.

Types of boiler houses

Depending on how the boiler room is located, several types of such premises can be distinguished.

Built-in boiler room. What we mean here is that the boiler room is installed in one of the rooms of the house. It is worth knowing that elements of heating equipment can create noise during operation. Of course, if the boiler room occupies one of the many rooms of a huge mansion, then this issue is less significant, but in the case of an ordinary house, the built-in location of the boiler room is not the best choice.

Attached boiler room. We can say that this option is more preferable. In general, the issue of construction and location of the boiler room should be decided at the stage of designing the house, but if this has not been done, such as in old houses with stove heating, then an extension is the best solution.

Boiler room in a separate room. This choice will be the most optimal in most cases. If the boiler room is equipped in a separate building, then you don’t have to worry that the noise of the operating equipment will disturb the household; this will also allow you to install the elements of the heating system much more freely.

Equipment items

When considering the question of how to build a boiler room, one cannot ignore what elements will be placed inside the room.

One of the main elements of the heating system is the heating boiler itself. It is inside this element that fuel combustion occurs.
Water heater tank. As the name of this element suggests, it serves to heat water. This occurs due to the circulation of coolant through special tubes inside the tank.
Manifold-distributor. This structural element, as you might guess, serves to distribute coolant throughout the heating system and also regulate its temperature.
Chimney. Without this element, it is impossible for any heating system to function (except for parapet boilers). Thanks to it, smoke generated during combustion of fuel in a heating boiler is removed.

In addition, the heating system located in the boiler room also includes such elements as the boiler safety system, automatic control device, pipelines and other parts.

Construction rules

Before you begin building a boiler room, it is useful to familiarize yourself with a number of mandatory rules and requirements that must be observed.

The boiler room ventilation system must be selected taking into account the boiler power.
When installing the boiler, it should be taken into account that there must be enough free space in the room for its comfortable maintenance. As a rule, these indicators are indicated in the accompanying documentation attached to the boiler.
Storing and storing flammable substances in the boiler room is strictly prohibited. This will turn an already dangerous room into a real bomb, so it is better to use other outbuildings for these purposes.
If the boiler room is built-in or attached, then the door leading to the rest of the house must be finished with fire-resistant materials.
The walls of the boiler room must be made of brick or concrete blocks.
There should not be more than two boilers installed in one room.

The above rules are general, regardless of the type of boiler installed in the heating system. In addition to what has been said, we can add that if a gas boiler is installed in the boiler room, then in this case there are several additional conditions. For example, all electrical equipment of such a boiler room must be moved to a separate room. All electrical wiring elements must be well insulated.

Carrying out work

If everything has been decided on the type of boiler room and the equipment used in it, then you can move on to the construction itself.

First, a detailed plan and drawing of the future structure must be drawn up. It must reflect the required dimensions and parameters of the premises. A diagram of the heating system itself should also be drawn up, on which all its elements should be noted.
After this, work can begin. And their first stage should be digging a pit for the foundation. It should be noted that in this case it is necessary to ensure the installation of a sewerage system. Of course, this stage of work is skipped if the boiler room is built-in.
After pouring the foundation, you can begin to build the walls of the boiler room. As mentioned above, either brick or concrete blocks should be used for these purposes. This is necessary for security reasons.
The final stage of construction will be the installation of the roof. There are no special restrictions here.

It is worth adding that when building a boiler room, some rules regarding the volume of the room must be observed.

First of all, you need to remember that the height of the boiler room must be at least 2.5-2.7 meters.
As for the area, the maximum restrictions are determined only by common sense, but as for the minimum permissible volumes, you should know that the boiler room should not be less than 6-7 square meters, despite the fact that the volume should be at least 15 m 3.
When building a boiler room, it is important to remember that this kind of room must be equipped with a powerful ventilation system, as well as a sewerage system for condensate removal.
The boiler room chimney must be mounted in such a way that its upper part protrudes above the level of the ridge for better functioning. In addition, the chimney must be equipped with additional openings for cleaning.
It is also necessary to take into account that the boiler room must be equipped with at least one window, the area of which is not less than 0.5 square meters.

The features of the interior decoration of premises of this type must also be taken into account. For these purposes, only non-flammable materials should be used. So, it is best to make the floor of the boiler room using concrete screed technology, and it is most advisable to decorate the walls using tiles. The variety of colors allows you to fully realize your design ambitions, and the strength and non-flammability of this material will add safety.

Regarding the installation of equipment and installation of the heating system, you need to know that if there is not enough knowledge and experience, then it is better to entrust the work to specialists. Although certain work, for example, preparing the premises, can be done independently.

In conclusion, we can add that when equipping and constructing a boiler room, certain rules must be observed. The most important of them are described above. As for the work itself, it requires accuracy, precision and certain qualifications. Particular care must be taken when installing equipment and electrifying the premises. And also, before starting work, you should familiarize yourself with the documentation and regulations governing the work.

Video

A specialist will tell you more about the requirements for the boiler room project:

Scheme

With two boilers, hydraulic arrow, hot water circuit

In a private wooden or brick house there is often a need to build an artificial heating system. A very popular solution is to install a boiler room in a private house, usually with your own hands. It should be understood that such a system poses a very real danger, therefore its construction is strictly regulated by regulatory documents.

Boiler room diagram.

The boiler can be located directly in a private house (in the kitchen, basement, basement) or in a separate building.

Systems installed in residential premises (in the kitchen) should not exceed 30 W in power. In a separate room (basement, ground floor) it is allowed to install boilers with a capacity of 30-200 kW. If the installation’s power exceeds 200 kW, it can be located in a separate room attached to the house, or in a separate building, a separate room on the basement, ground floor, or first floor.

Different types of coolants can be used as fuel for the heating system. If the choice is made in favor of natural gas, the most rational solution from a safety point of view would be to move the working boiler outside the residential premises. However, even in this case, a number of mandatory requirements apply to the installation of a boiler room.

Types of remote boiler rooms:

Scheme of a stationary boiler room.

stationary (situated in a building located separately from the residential building);
roof (placed in the attic of the building);
block-modular (a separate mobile block container is used);
attached (located in an extension to the house);
built-in (located in a separate room).

To install a boiler room, it is best to use the services of an experienced contractor who knows how to install it rather than doing it yourself, as this requires compliance with various regulations. In addition, experienced specialists will advise on different options for carrying out the work, which will save costs on materials and time.

Choice of energy carrier

Diagram of a boiler room with a boiler.

Natural gas is the most profitable from an economic point of view. It also has other advantages: it is the most environmentally friendly energy carrier. After combustion, a minimal amount of soot remains, which allows the boiler and chimney to be cleaned less frequently than when using other types of fuel. You can store gas in a special container - a gas holder or connect directly to the gas pipeline. The latter option is very profitable, but obtaining permission to include it can be extremely difficult and expensive.
Liquid fuel may be used without obtaining permission from any third party. When designing the site, it should be borne in mind that it will be necessary to ensure that the tanker can access the fuel tanks. Systems using diesel fuel usually require annual cleaning of accumulated soot (boiler and chimney). It is very important to use high-quality diesel fuel, because otherwise the diesel boiler will often break down and may even fail.
Solid fuel. This is the most accessible and cheapest type of energy carrier, but its use is associated with a number of unpleasant moments. In this case, the boiler is heated with your own hands, and firewood must be added manually and constantly. Adjusting the temperature in the case of solid fuel is also quite problematic. For example, to heat a house at night you will sometimes have to wake up and add firewood to the boiler. The boiler and chimney quickly become clogged and therefore require frequent cleaning. Solid fuel heating can be used as a backup or when it is not possible to organize anything else.
Electric boilers do not require a separate room at all. They do not require DIY cleaning; they are completely eco-friendly as they produce no waste. Electric boilers can be powered from a single-phase network or from a three-phase one. If the installation power exceeds 12 kW, only a three-phase network is suitable. A permit is required to supply it. The disadvantage of such a system is the high cost of electricity.

Preparing to build a boiler room with your own hands in a private house

At the design stage, it is necessary to take into account the requirements of regulations and adhere to certain recommendations. Among them:

Scheme of building a boiler room in a house.

It is necessary to install artificial heating in the room where the boiler is installed, since the heat it generates is usually not enough.
It is recommended to purchase boiler equipment in advance - before construction work begins. This approach will make it possible to take into account the manufacturer’s requirements for installing the boiler and correctly construct technological openings in building structures that will serve to supply the chimney, pipes, etc.
You cannot make an extension to a wooden or any other house where there are windows or other openings. For this purpose, it is necessary to use a blank wall of the building or seal the door and window openings that are located in the wall adjacent to the boiler room.
The ceiling height in the boiler room must be no less than 2.5 m. The permissible internal volume of the room is no less than 15 m³. The area must exceed 4 m².
It is recommended to maintain the dimensions of the boiler room that are required for a gas boiler, even if the installation will operate on a different type of coolant.
Ventilation must be provided in the room. The hood must pump a volume of air per hour that is 3 times the total volume of the room and the amount of air consumed for fuel combustion.

Installation: initial work

Installation of a boiler room in the house.

According to the requirements of regulatory documentation, a grounding loop must be installed in the boiler room. For this purpose, you can use 4 metal pipes, which are driven vertically into the soil along the perimeter of the boiler room. The pipes are connected using corners using welding. Grounding to the house is carried out via steel rods, the diameter of which should be 12 mm.

A sewer drain must be installed in the boiler room, which serves as protection when the heating system is emptied. To do this, you can make a hole (pit) about 0.5 m deep in the floor. To ensure the flow of fresh air for exhaust, you need to provide a special hole in the wall. Its dimensions are selected based on the calculation of 8 cm² per 1 kW of installation power if the air comes from the street. If air is supplied from other internal rooms of the building, per 1 kW of power there must be at least 30 cm² of ventilation opening. Installation of forced ventilation is not allowed if the boiler room runs on gas.

It is impossible to connect load-bearing walls with existing ones; the boiler room requires the construction of separate independent walls: even when it is adjacent to the building. If a gas pipeline is used to supply coolant, it is necessary to provide an inlet sleeve in the wall through which the leading pipe will be laid. The sleeve is fixed in the wall using expanded clay concrete. As a sleeve, you can use a piece of pipe 100*100 mm. The interior must be insulated. The room must be provided with natural lighting, at least 0.03 m² of glass per 1 m³ of internal volume.

DIY ceiling installation in a private house

Ceiling installation in the house.

The main requirement for the top floor is that it should be light. This is done to ensure safety, since in the event of an explosion, it is the upper part of the building that will bear the main destructive blow. As a result of this, the energy will be extinguished by the destruction of only the upper floor, and not the walls.

In addition, it is necessary to comply with insulation standards. For this purpose, you can use heat-reflecting film and sheathe the ceiling with KVL or gypsum board sheets. The boiler room must have a fire resistance of 0.75 hours and prevent the spread of fire throughout the structure. To do this, you need to choose the right construction materials and use the treatment of fire-vulnerable parts of the boiler room with a special composition.

Installation of finishing materials in a wooden or other house

According to the requirements of regulatory documentation, the floor must be leveled and the walls must be plastered. It is advisable to make the lower part of the room permeable. This will minimize the negative consequences of a possible accident in the heating system.

At the stage of finishing work, it is possible to further increase the thermal insulation and sound insulation properties of the boiler room. For this purpose, installation of PVC panels or reflective TIM panels can be used.

The need to install a heating system for private housing construction arises for every owner. Not everyone knows the requirements of regulatory documents and how to attach a boiler room to a house. Correct installation of which will ensure the safe use of any type of fuel. A popular option is the construction of a boiler room adjacent to one wall directly to the house.

The maximum number of heating devices in one room is no more than two. The chimney and supply and exhaust ventilation must be equipped taking into account the features and power parameters of the unit.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

Ask a question to an expert

Brick and concrete are the best components for building walls. The floor covering on top is covered with a sheet of metal or can remain concrete. A frequently used method is laying porcelain tiles on the floor. The walls are covered with non-combustible mineral plaster or tiles. The door leaf is manufactured taking into account fire safety requirements.

Technical documentation determines the dimensions of the building. In this case, free space should be provided near the unit in the attached boiler room for the most convenient maintenance of the boiler during operation.

Selecting the energy carrier to use

It is very important to decide in advance what fuel the unit will run on. Taking into account the choice of boiler mainly determines how to properly install and equip the room. Mainly 4 types of energy carriers are used:

From an economical point of view, let's use natural gas. Its use has another advantage - ideal environmental friendliness. The minimum amount of soot after combustion allows for much less frequent preventative measures to be taken to clean the chimney and boiler.
The use of liquid fuel does not require permits from other organizations. The construction must be designed taking into account the free access of the tanker to fill fuel containers.
The cheapest option is to use solid energy. The disadvantages include the manual method of loading fuel and the rapid clogging of the chimney.
Electric boilers operate in waste-free mode and require virtually no cleaning. Disadvantages include high energy costs and the lengthy process of obtaining permits when connecting units with a power of more than 12 kW to a three-phase network.

Having selected the desired model, you can begin preliminary work.

Features of premises for electric boilers

The most optimal heating unit from the point of view of safety is the electric one, which does not emit harmful combustion products. For this type of fuel, you do not need to install a ventilation system. The advantages include efficiency up to 99%, noiselessness and simple installation. Electric boilers are unpretentious in terms of maintenance.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

Construction of houses, extensions, terraces and verandas.

Ask a question to an expert

For heating an area exceeding 200 sq. m, you will need a unit with a power of 20 kW or more.

Requirements for solid fuel modifications

Low explosion hazard does not require significant requirements for the attached boiler room for burning wood, coal and other solid components. The distance between the equipment and the walls must be at least 10 cm. To prevent fire from hot particles falling on the floor, it is necessary to lay a metal sheet in front of the firebox.

The surface of the walls and floors is finished with non-combustible materials. To install windows, a universal formula is used, derived from practical research: for 1 kW of unit power, 8 sq. cm window area.

Boiler rooms with gas heating appliances

The use of gas fuel, the most popular among private home owners, requires the fulfillment of a significant number of requirements.

It is necessary to properly attach a gas boiler room to your house due to the high explosiveness of the energy carrier used. It is especially important to pay attention to the following points:

The standard parameters for the volume of the room are 15 cubic meters, and the area is from 6 square meters. m;
availability of proven natural ventilation;
ceiling height must be at least 2.5 m;
window opening area – from 0.5 m;
connection to the sewerage system for removal of condensate and emergency drains;
a prerequisite when installing a chimney pipe is that it must be higher than the ridge of the roof. For ease of cleaning, the ventilation system is equipped with additional channels.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

Construction of houses, extensions, terraces and verandas.

Ask a question to an expert

For ease of operation, free access to the unit should be provided.

Preparatory stage

Even at the project development stage, it is important to provide for the conditions of the regulations under which the facility will be built. The main recommendations of these documents include:

planning artificial heating in the room. The heat generated by the unit is not enough to maintain the required temperature;
purchasing equipment in advance will help to take into account the manufacturer’s instructions for the construction of technological openings and the installation location of the unit;
The planned extension of a boiler room to a wooden house is prohibited in places with window and door openings. You can only use completely blank surfaces or seal all holes where the boiler room adjoins the wall of the house;
The dimensions of the building for gas equipment are given above, and for options with other types of fuel these parameters are height - 2.5 m, area - 4 sq. m. m, volume – 15 cubic meters. m;
It is recommended not to adhere to the minimum values, but to maintain the dimensions established for gas boilers.

The hood must pump at least 3 times the volume of air per hour in comparison with the sum of the volumes of air mass consumed during combustion and the room itself.

Specifics of constructing an extension for wooden buildings

For objects of this type, there is a strict sequence of various stages that must be followed without fail:

The beginning of the production process is the construction of the foundation. An indispensable condition for a high-quality zero cycle is to allow the monolithic structure to settle and settle. It will take a year to ensure its reliability. This rule is especially important if it is adjacent to a wooden object that is easily flammable.
Pay attention to the topography of the surrounding area. This will help you choose one of the foundation options, taking into account rainwater runoff and possible settlement due to the structure of the soil.
In addition to concrete and brick walls, also are popular. This material is most easily connected to solid wood, and the rack bars ideally perform the functions of fastening. It is easy to nail wall sheathing to them later.
The final chord is the construction of the roof. A hole is carefully made in it for installing a chimney.

Start of installation work

First of all, you should install a grounding loop, which is required by the rules of regulatory documentation. The most popular and simplest method is the use of 4 metal pipes. They are evenly located along the entire perimeter of the structure. To connect the pipes to each other, they are tied with corners and then welded. The connection to the house is carried out with 12 mm rods.

It is prohibited to attach load-bearing walls of a building to existing ones. The extension to the house is made with separate independent structural elements. During the construction process, the installation of an input sleeve is provided if the use of gas is planned for fuel. Any pipe stump with dimensions of 100x100 mm is secured in the wall with expanded clay concrete.

It is intended for the process of emptying the system during preventive and repair measures. A pit (hole) is made on the floor surface to a depth of 0.5 meters.

To ensure the supply of fresh air through the hood, a hole of appropriate size is made. With natural air supply from the street, the window area parameters must meet the following requirements - for 1 kW of power at least 8 sq. cm, and when connecting from adjacent rooms - 30 sq. cm per unit power. A ban on installing forced ventilation applies to gas boiler houses, which must be insulated.

When building a private house, or rather, even at the preliminary design stage, it is necessary to think in advance about the location of the heating boiler. Various options are possible - the boiler can be installed in the kitchen or in the hallway, a separate room in the house will be allocated for it, or a separate extension will be made for this. Whatever decision is made, the arrangement of this room must meet certain requirements established by building codes and regulations.

The requirements for a boiler room in a private house were not developed from scratch and not for complications owners' lives. On the contrary, their main goal is to ensure comprehensive safety and ease of use of heating units.

Boiler room project

There is no need to design a boiler room yourself; this is a matter for specialists. Taking into account all the necessary parameters, they draw up a project for installing equipment in a particular room. If planning documentation is drawn up by qualified specialists, then such a project will be easier to coordinate with specialized organizations.

For design, it is necessary to collect data that is provided for by the general rules of SNiP 2.04.08-87*. Specifically to such initial parameters include:

— power of the heating unit;

— type of fuel that will be used for heating;

— size and layout of the room allocated for installation of equipment;

- the total area of the house and the location of residential and other premises in it;

- general ground floor plan, on which the boiler room will be located (if it is placed this way)

- the material from which the house and the boiler room are built, if it is located in an extension - (this option is most desirable for installing a boiler in a private house).

Boiler

Everything related to boiler installations is stipulated in the rules of SNiP II-35-76, since both gas and solid fuel can be used for heating boiler

A gas boiler

Gas boilers are most common primarily because "blue fuel" if a main line is laid to the house, it costs much less than all other types of coolants. And there are much more conveniences in everyday use.

Gas boilers are used more often - due to cheaper fuel and ease of use

If the heating unit has a power of up to 150 kW, then a separate room must be provided for it. When choosing a gas boiler with a power that exceeds 150 kW, according to the rules, it is necessary to build a separate building or an extension to the house. This extension can only have a common wall with non-residential premises, such as a garage, storage room, workshop or bathroom.
To do this, it is necessary to build a reliable separate foundation or have a reliable and durable concrete floor in the boiler room.
Water must be brought into the room to replenish the system, which it periodically needs.
In addition to the flow of water into the room, it is necessary to have a sewer pipe connected, where, if necessary, water from the heating system will be drained.
Considering the presence of water in the room, it must be sufficiently well insulated so that in a critical situation, during peak winter frosts, the process of pipe freezing does not begin.
Ceiling height rooms - boiler room no less than 2.5 ÷ 2 must be provided, 6 meters
The volume of the room intended for the boiler room should not be less than 15 m³.
In the extension it is necessary to organize not only electric lighting, but also natural lighting. The latter is calculated depending on the volume of the room. So, for one cubic meter of room, glazing of 0.03 m² in size is required, which means minimal. 15 m³ window area will be 0.45 m².
The walls of the extension must be constructed from a material that, according to test results, has a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours. The zero value should be the coefficient of flame spread over surfaces from a possible fire.
Ventilation and air conditioning are arranged in accordance with the rules of SNiP 2.04.05-91. The main condition is that ventilation must be at least three times the air change in the room in one hour.
To do this, a window must be installed in the installed window, and a gap of 0.025 m² should be left under the entrance door from the street. or next to it is a ventilation window, covered with a mesh of the same area.
A boiler room located in an extension that has a common wall with the house may have two doors - one to the street, one opening to the outside and to the interior of the house. The door leading into the house must be made of heat-resistant material and have a high fire safety class.
If a boiler running on liquefied gas is installed, storing fuel cylinders in the boiler room is strictly prohibited. A separate room is arranged for the cylinders, from where a line is drawn through which the fuel enters the heating unit.

The mandatory requirements for installing a solid fuel boiler include the following criteria:

The area of the boiler room must be at least 7 ÷ 8 m².
The boiler must be installed in such a way that it is possible, if necessary, to carry out repair work and preventive maintenance.
Based on data on the power of the unit, the size of the ventilation duct is calculated in the proportions - 1 kW of power: 8 cm² of area. The diameter of the smoke outlet should not be less than the diameter of the standard pipe leaving the boiler.
For such a heating device, it is recommended to build a podium that will be 80 ÷ 100 mm higher than the boiler room floor.
Ventilation in the room is arranged according to the same scheme as for a gas boiler.
Lighting and the presence of doors are calculated in the same way as for gas-powered units.
For fire safety purposes, it is necessary to take care of the materials for the walls and floors, as they must be non-flammable. It is recommended to lay a sheet of metal measuring at least 500 × 500 mm in front of the boiler combustion door, and attach an asbestos screen to the wall.
The chimney pipe for this type of boiler is arranged in the same way as for a stove and must be at least five meters high. If you have to make turns or bends in it, then there should be no more than three.

When installing any of the gas boilers, professionals recommend installing protective and safety devices, both in the heating system and directly in the boiler itself - these are bypasses, shut-off valves, smoke detectors and other devices or devices.

Video: example of boiler room equipment with a solid fuel (pellet) boiler

Prices for the range of solid fuel boilers

Solid fuel boilers

Ventilation in the boiler room

Since the safety of operation of any heating device depends on ventilation, I would like to take a closer look at the different types of removing possible gas accumulations from the room. There are natural and forced types of ventilation. What exactly they are is worth considering in addition to the mandatory parameters of the boiler room described above.

Natural ventilation

This is called the ventilation of a room using properly arranged holes in the walls or ceiling, without the use of special devices that create draft that pumps and exhausts air from the boiler room.

The premises for installing the boiler are located on the first or basement floor, so the layout of the ventilation windows may differ slightly from each other.

The ventilation diagram for a boiler room located on the ground floor of a house or in an extension is as follows.

This diagram shows the ventilation system of a boiler room located in the basement of a house.

In order to create good draft and the boiler to function efficiently, an exhaust vent or ventilation pipe is installed above the heating device. Combustion products and depleted air that have given up oxygen “for combustion needs” go there. The process is carried out by pushing fresh air coming from the street through a ventilation window located on the opposite wall, according to one of the selected schemes.

The disadvantage of the natural ventilation process is that it is quite difficult to calculate and control it, and according to the rules of SNiP 2.04.05-91, the air when the boiler is running must be renewed in the room three times per hour, as mentioned above. The natural process of ventilation can be very dependent on temperature, current level of pressure, strength and direction of the wind outside.

Forced ventilation

Artificial or forced ventilation differs from natural ventilation in that it is carried out using special air conditioners or fans installed in the inlet and exhaust windows.

You can use only one device installed in one of the windows, thereby saving some money, but the first option, combining injection and exhaust, will still be more effective.

Such a ventilation system can be easily adjusted to the optimal mode and the draft intensity can be constantly monitored using instruments.

Fans are selected according to the diameter of the ventilation ducts and according to the requirements of SNiP.

For example, to find the volume of the boiler room, you need to multiply these parameters among themselves and multiply, in this case, by three (the number of times air is exchanged in the boiler room per hour).

Let's say the room has the following parameters: width and length 2 m, height 2.5 m. Acting according to the formula, the volume of the room is calculated

2 × 2 × 2.5 = 10 m³. Next, the obtained value is multiplied by three, resulting in 30 m³/h - this indicator indicates that the fan performance for this room should be at least 30 m³/h. Ideally, you need to choose supply and exhaust equipment that will have a performance reserve - 15 ÷ 30% more than required.

Another point where you can save energy is automatic control of the ventilation system. Having installed monitoring and control equipment, you can be confident that the fans will now turn on only when the heating unit starts, and when it stops, the ventilation devices will also go into pause mode.

On the street there is a ventilation pipe along the wall that cuts into the window where the fan is installed. The pipe usually rises to a height above the roof by 500 ÷ 1000 mm. This creates good draft, helping to quickly clear the room of accumulated gases.

Video: basic requirements for boiler rooms

Prices for ventilation units

Ventilation units

Project approval

When the project has been prepared, naturally, with the fulfillment of all the requirements described above, the moment comes for its approval by some organizations responsible for the safe operation of devices installed in the boiler room.

Coordination of the boiler room project is necessary so that it is possible to easily conclude an agreement for the installation of a gas main or the corresponding internal wiring. Permitting resolutions must be obtained before construction begins from the following supervisory organizations:

- Fire Department.

- Technical Supervision.

— Sanitary inspection.

- Regional department of architecture - from there you will have to invite a specialist to the construction site.

— Housing and communal services, in particular, organizations providing gas supply.

Only after receiving permits from these organizations can the construction of a boiler house begin. To connect to gas mains, you will have to go through a number of certain procedures, during which a project is drawn up for laying a gas pipe to the building and its branches at points of consumption.

To make it easier for yourself all these rather troublesome and unpleasant activities, going from one supervisory authority to another, and also to reduce the time coordination procedures, you can contact specialized companies that will take care of all the problems that arise and, for a reasonable fee, will help you prepare all the necessary documents in the shortest possible time.