The standard size of the window opening in a brick house. Standard sizes of window openings: width and height according to gost, as well as how the dimensions of the doorway during construction are determined

A private house is good because during its construction you do not have to comply with most building standards, with the exception of some of the most important. In most cases, you are free to design a house the way you like with an eye on only the cost construction work  yes to the laws of physics. This is particularly true of such a nuance as standard window sizes. Of course, you can use the state standard, but no one can forbid you to make the window larger or smaller if you like it.

Why do we need a standard?

The use of standard sizes is still more preferable, since GOST is designed to provide the necessary level of illumination of the room with minimal heat loss in winter period. In addition, most enterprises mass-produce window frames and double-glazed windows for standard sizes, so a custom-sized window will have a higher price.

When determining the window size, the following factors are taken into account:

1. Type of glass. Depending on the light transmittance of the glass used, an opening of a larger or smaller area may be required.
2. Geographic latitude. As you know, as you move away from the equator and approach the pole, the amount of sunlight gradually decreases. Since Russia is long from north to south, different window standards for a private house are used in different regions.
3. Room Area. The larger the room, the more light is needed to illuminate it.
4. Type of room. For residential, educational, industrial, etc. rooms there are different standard degrees of required lighting.

Standards in force in Russia

Perm is located in the zone where the standard applies for territories south of the 60th degree and north of the 45th degree of north latitude. This table shows which standards of window openings and window frames are adopted in our region.

Single-leaf windows:

Double-leaf windows:

Tricuspid windows:

Thus, the size of the window frame is the size of the window opening minus 30 mm. For areas located south of the 45th parallel, a correction factor of 0.75 is used. That is, all standard window sizes are 75% of the values \u200b\u200bgiven in the tables. In areas north of the 60th degree of north latitude, the correction factor is 1.2. That is, all sizes need to be increased by 20%.

Advantages of standard windows

As mentioned earlier, you are free to make windows in your house as large as you wish. However, there are several reasons why standard window sizes are still preferable:

• Design. If you use a typical project of a private house, most likely it will have standard size windows. If you come to change their size, then the project will have to be redone and adapted, because the size of the window opening affects the strength bearing wall  and some other parameters. And alteration of the project is an increase in its price.
• Installation . Installing standard window frames in a standard window opening is a snap. But if you want to squeeze a non-standard window into a standard opening, difficulties may arise.
• Cost. Even a schoolchild knows that mass-produced products, whether furniture, dishes or windows, are cheaper than those created in a single copy. Want custom windows? Get ready to pay more.
• Reliability Windows of standard models are time-tested designs, while elegant and unusual window frames can bring a lot of trouble.

Again, a reservation should be made that the above advantages of standard windows do not mean at all that individual window sizes in a private house are bad.

Number of windows

Of course, in most cases in a private house several standard windows are used in one room. One window is for very small rooms. How do you know how many window openings to make in a room? To do this, you need to know the area of \u200b\u200bthe facade and the floor area of \u200b\u200bthe room. It is believed that the optimal level of illumination in residential premises is achieved if the window area is 12-18% of the floor area, but not more than 25% of the facade area.

Unlike an apartment, in a private house you have the opportunity to choose which side to place windows and doors. From the point of view of energy saving, experts recommend placing windows on the southern and western sides of the house, where due to the action of sunlight, heat loss through the windows will be minimal and natural lighting will be maximum. Of course, this does not mean that windows do not need to be made on the northern and eastern walls. It’s just that windows can be made smaller than in the south and west.

Windows from the Perm DSK

If you plan to build a private house, we strongly recommend consulting with specialists about what size windows to do. Even if you intend to implement an unusual architectural project, this does not mean at all that the standard window sizes are not suitable for it. However, for a typical house, windows of an unusual configuration, on the contrary, can become a true find that can transform the look of the building.

Whatever option you choose, the company “Perm DSK” is always ready to offer you modern wooden windows in both standard sizes and custom-made windows at affordable prices.

His country house wins by the feature that during its construction there is no need to adhere to the dimensions established by building codes, except, of course, the main parameters. Most often, houses are designed according to individual wishes, only the prices for the upcoming types of work and physical laws are taken into account. This extends to features such as window size standards. You can adhere to state sizes, but no one bothers to make window openings of other parameters.

  Window sizes in residential buildings

Windows are considered the most important element that affects the appearance of the entire object. For this reason, they are selected so that they have a natural look on the facade.

So, the size of the windows, the standard, the table of the main parameters - we recommend adopting the information below.
  You need to know that the standards for windows are set in order to regulate the lighting in the rooms. As a rule, the parameters of the openings for window blocks are taken into account the purpose of the future room, but are also taken into account:

Based on building codes, window standards are determined. The calculations take into account two to four cleanings per year, depending on environmental conditions. The plastic windows provide for the number of glasses in one package, the gaps between them.
For single-leaf window frames, their sizes vary, based on the opening sections:

Other designs differ in their sizes. Two-leaf window:

It has its own characteristics and a tricuspid window:

  The size of the standard window in a panel house

Here the main role is played by the type of the building itself:

A separate line should be said about the "Stalinist houses." Their characteristic T-shaped window frames have three sizes: 1.5 x 1.9 m; 1.25 x 1.8 m; 1.08 x 1.8 m.
  There is also the concept of skylights. Their sizes are determined based on the design decisions of the entire building.

  Make a choice

Standards should not be particularly trusted. The fact is that the walls in thickness, the height of the openings for windows in houses vary. This means that it is necessary to use the services of a measurer in order to measure openings in height and width without errors.
  In rooms where a long stay of people is supposed, the ratio of window frames to the area of \u200b\u200bthe room should be 1 to 8.
  In the case when it is possible to install only one window unit in a room, it should be located in the center of a long wall and slightly higher. This will allow daylight to be distributed evenly throughout the room.

When deciding on the size and shape of the windows, you should not forget some features. The main one is the level of illumination. For proper planning, remember that the greatest comfort for a person is lighting, in which the width of the windows accounts for about 55 percent of the total width of the room. The minimum amount of daylight will enter the room, in which glazing accounts for ten to twelve and a half percent of the total area.
  The ideal solution is rectangular frames, the size of which is 0.8 by 1.3 meters. They are convenient to operate, with minimal load on the fittings.

  Advantages of standard options windows

Using windows of standard sizes creates some convenience in construction. When designing a house, you can use standard solutions. When replacing the dimensions of window openings, you will have to redo the entire project, which will increase the cost of work.
  Installation work in openings of standard sizes is somewhat easier to perform.

Windows of generally accepted sizes are manufactured in series, which reduces the cost of their final cost. For individual orders for production, the price will be increased for each product.
Standard-made models have already been tested by time; they will not deliver any special problems during operation and maintenance.
  But this does not mean that window frames according to individual sketches should not be used. They look on the facades of private houses very unusual and serve no worse than standard frames.

The construction of buildings and structures is a complex multi-stage process, coupled with many approvals and requirements. The design must be strong, durable, earthquake resistant. Therefore, construction is preceded by construction - thinking through and miscalculations on paper. In order not to start calculations every time anew, we created special standards, adhering to which you can quickly build high-quality buildings. Construction standards provide for all the nuances: the materials that need to be used, the dimensions of buildings, as well as the dimensions of window and door openings. The window opening should provide the necessary level of natural lighting, while the strength of the structure should not suffer. A standard doorway should provide free access to the room, not only people, but also furniture. The application of standards for window and door openings facilitates the work of manufacturers of door leafs and window frames.

Entrance and interior doors in the house: standard size and width of the doorway

Typical dimensions of doors and doorways are indicated in special documents - SNiPah. Depending on the type of premises (residential, bathroom, administrative) and the type of doors (interior, entrance), the following standards are distinguished:

• Interior doors: opening height 1970 mm and 2070 mm, door height 1900 mm and 2000 mm. Aperture width: 620, 670, 770, 870 and 970 mm, door leaf width: 550, 600, 700, 800, 900 mm. At the same time, the thickness of the box should be 108 mm.
• Entrance doors: opening height 2065 mm and 2165 mm, web height, respectively 2000 mm and 2100 mm. The width of the opening is 930, 980 and 1030 mm, and the width of the blade is 800, 850, 900 mm.

These are the standards of “single” doors, they also install double-leaf doors: two canvases of 550 mm each make it possible to obtain an opening for a door whose dimensions will be 1100 mm.

Of course, the size of the doorway can be changed, but in this case you will have to order doors of an individual size. Moreover, resizing is called redevelopment and for its implementation it is necessary to obtain special permission in the architectural department. A significant increase in the doorway can weaken the structure and cause structural damage.

Another option is possible, if there is a doorway of non-standard sizes, its geometry is changed (extra sections are laid) and standard doors are installed.

Continuing the conversation about standard door sizes, it is worth mentioning that we mean ordinary swing doors. However, recently, more and more often used sliding doors, which allow to save space for opening / closing doors.

The dimensions of the opening for sliding doors depend on the design of the doors (there are sliding doors, accordion, etc.).

Regular and non-standard width and height of the window opening: how to design correctly

Unlike doorways and door sizes, the situation with window openings and windows is somewhat different. During construction, although they adhere to the standards laid down in SNiPs, the size of the windows, however, varies greatly, because the area of \u200b\u200bthe cone is usually calculated based on the square of the room. Therefore, in houses of various types there will be windows of different sizes. For example, in a standard panel house, two-leaf windows have a size of 1300X1400 mm, tricuspid windows have a size of 2050X1400 or 2070X1400 mm. In "Khrushchev" the size depends on the width of the window sill. In apartments with wide window sills, double-leaf windows have a size of 1450X1500 mm, tricuspid windows - 2040X1500 mm. If the window sills are narrow, then the window sizes are smaller: 1300X1350 mm and 2040X1350 mm.

Windows in apartments have several important functions. They transmit sunlight, while being a protection against heat loss in the winter. When building a house, the ratio of the area of \u200b\u200bthe room to the window area should be taken into account. These numbers are subject to change. For living rooms, where people will be constantly, this ratio should be 1: 8 or 1:10. It provides a sufficient level of light and heat.

The size of the window is determined directly by the size of the wall. If the window is one, then it is better to place it in the middle of the wall, leaving closed areas at the edges. This will allow you to use this part of the walls for installing furniture. If the window occupies the entire wall, it reduces the possibilities of the owners of the apartment as regards convenient. Unfortunately, many apartments in Soviet times were built without taking into account the convenience of residents, the technical requirements of building standards were simply met. The size of a standard window is affected by its configuration. According to the indicators that are prescribed in various GOSTs, the dimensions of the opening affect the size of window blocks and methods of installation. The opening configuration determines the final appearance and size of the window unit. Two options of rectangular openings for typical houses are considered. In the first case, there is a quarter (the part protecting the window from the weather), in the second case the opening is smooth, without protrusions. Therefore, when making measurements, the measurer first of all draws attention to the presence of a protrusion.

The window size for each option will be different. For example, the opening has dimensions of 1500 mm in height and 1200 mm in width. For a quarter-aperture, the window size will be 1540 mm by 1220 mm. For a quarter-free opening, the size of the window unit will be 1470 x 1460 mm.

A quarter is usually found on two sides and at the top of the opening. Therefore, so that the window fits well in the opening, the width is increased in both directions by 15-25 mm. This window size is directly related to the quarter. More than 60 mm, increasing the size of the block is undesirable. Otherwise, the light part of the window will go into the aperture, and we thereby worsen the performance of the passage of light. A window sill is installed vertically from the bottom of the opening, there is no quarter here, so the height of the block decreases only by 20 or 30 mm. But here it should be noted that the presence of a window sill can also affect the size of the window.

Plastic windows, the dimensions of which also depend on the window sill, are reduced in height by 30 mm. In the resulting groove under the frame, a window sill is installed. After installing the window unit, the remaining opening is filled. For large quarters, if voids of more than 50 mm remain after fixing the unit, additional expanders should be used. They will increase the size of the window unit without reducing its light part.

For a quarter-free opening, the calculation is different. It takes 40-60 mm. Given that the profile for the window sill is attached at the bottom of the frame, it is necessary to reduce the window size by 20 + 20 + 30 \u003d 70 mm in height. Wooden blocks do not need to be further reduced by the size of the window sill. In modern windows, this groove is already provided in the profile of the box itself.

  Metal-plastic windows, replacing wooden frames with glasses from the market, are today experiencing the peak of their popularity. Having many advantages, this glazing method is especially convenient with standard sizes of window openings for plastic windows, and in the case of individual sizes, the time for manufacturing PVC windows or glazing doors ranges from a few days to a week.

PVC windows have gained popularity due to their qualities

What determines the standard of a product

With all the variety of buildings in which glazing is to be made, regardless of whether it is a summer house with a bathhouse, multi-unit or a private house, modern elite buildings or “Khrushchev”, to ensure heat and comfort in a building, builders rely on a number of regulatory documents, including state standards (GOSTs) and construction standards.

Manufacturing companies that manufacture plastic doors and windows produce not only standard double-glazed windows that comply with GOSTs and SNIPs, but also products according to individual customer sizes for buildings for various purposes.

During the construction of modern prefabricated houses, typical summer cottages, bathhouses or buildings for other purposes, they usually adhere to the standard, according to GOST, sizes of window and door openings for plastic windows and doors. Such a practice can significantly save time and money on the installation of plastic double-glazed windows.

PVC windows are manufactured in accordance with GOST

The standard sizes of window openings designed for plastic doors and windows are developed taking into account the specifics of the building, the overall dimensions of the interior and natural light, which is determined by the location of the building.

Dimensions of window openings in modern high-rise buildings

Modern high-rise buildings are distinguished by a wide variety of projects - there are more than 40 series, the existence for each of its typical sizes of window openings is justified.

In the case of prefabricated apartment buildings, typical, according to GOST, are considered both double-leaf and tricuspid windows; The most commonly used window openings are:

• vertical component - 1.4 m;
• horizontal component for two-wing modification - 1.3 m;
• the horizontal value for the tricuspid window is 2.05 / 2.07 m.

Installing PVC windows in apartment buildings is widespread

The height to the windowsill (from the floor) is standardly 85 cm, for almost all series of residential buildings it does not change.

If desired, in apartments you can increase the height of the floor - the windowsill, but you can not reduce it, since the outer walls of the buildings are always bearing.

Window openings in the "Khrushchev"

For typical buildings 1950-85. characteristic:

• small area of \u200b\u200bapartments;
• poor soundproofing of the premises;
• low ceilings.

In Khrushchev’s, the standard type for window openings in a house is considered to be the following typical values \u200b\u200bthat vary from the width of the window sills:

• for a narrow windowsill 1.3 mx 1.35 m;
• for a wide windowsill - 1.45 mx 1.5 m.

In houses of this type, the distance from the floor to the window is usually standard and is 85 cm.

Dimensions of window openings in private and low-rise buildings

In low residential buildings  and in case individual development  when determining the standard values \u200b\u200bof window openings for plastic windows, they rely on GOST 11214-86.

This normative document regulates the values \u200b\u200bof the height and width of the window opening depending on the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, its purpose and, accordingly, the required level of its lighting. Planning the size and configuration of window openings is made with the obligatory consideration of the architectural features of the building. According to GOST, the typical width of the window opening can be from 0.87 to 2.67 m, and height - from 1.16 m to 2.06 m.

Standard sizes of window openings in low-rise and individual homes  calculated taking into account the coefficient of natural illumination (KEO), which is the main criterion used in GOSTs.

The value of KEO for all regions is prescribed in SNiPs; in addition, in normative documents  correction factors are given that take into account the latitude of the place where the building is located.

When designing a private house, it is possible to calculate the standard sizes of window openings using a simplified version. According to GOST, the quadrature of window openings is calculated as a value less than the area of \u200b\u200bthe room by 8 times.

Window sills in private homes are often installed not according to GOST, but according to the design project.

According to building codes, on the ground floor of a private house, the height of the window sill from the floor should be between 70 and 90 cm. This distance is convenient for installing the heating system, and is also most comfortable for residents of the house.

On the second floor, the floor - window sill indicator can be reduced, since the view from the windows deteriorates with high window sills.

Features of windows in the attic

Attic was very popular - a dwelling on the attic floor of the building.

They try to make window openings on the attic floor as large as possible, to increase the illumination. However, there are certain restrictions that govern the shape and size of window openings for attics.

In the attic, the installation of PVC windows is also optimal.

The determining factors of skylights:

• The angle of the roof.

The smaller the angle of inclination of the roof, the larger the window can be placed in height, and the width of the PVC window is calculated based on the distance between the rafters of the roof of the house, it should not exceed 5-6 cm.

• Structural strength.

Large-sized skylights look attractive, but significantly reduce the structural strength. The area of \u200b\u200bthe window sash should not exceed 90 cm² in size. Exceeding this value leads to a loss of strength of the entire structure.

Even blind PVC dormer-windows cannot be made larger than 100 cm², since larger double-glazed windows quickly deform and collapse under their own weight.

Due to the particular geometry of the room, window sills are not installed in roof windows.

Glazing baths

Baths and saunas are very popular, many owners of private houses and summer cottages build them for personal use.

With the advent of moisture-resistant materials, you can install windows in baths and saunas

If before the windows in the baths were not installed at all or made them tiny, with the advent of new materials and techniques, the tendency to glaze the rooms of the bathhouse is completely justified. At the same time, windows are to a lesser extent part of the decor, they help to solve quite important issues:

• the ability to dry the bath - floor and walls - at the end of the procedure;
• in order to quickly lower the temperature (if necessary);
• as an additional exit in case of fire.

For glazing window openings in the baths, special materials are used.

In Russian baths, high temperature and humidity, double-glazed windows are made using tempered glasses, with infrared spraying on the inside to avoid heat loss, special heat-resistant material is used for frames.

There are no standard sizes of window openings for plastic windows in Russian baths, but there is a location.

Two PVC windows are positioned as follows:

• above the shelf - to be able to control the temperature and quickly ventilate the room;
• under the shelf, not high above the floor - to dry the wooden panels, to prevent damage by fungus and rot; use at a time when the bath is not used.

Based on the purpose, the plastic windows in the Russian bath are made to necessarily open without window sills.

Glass manufacturer standards

Today's manufacturing technology plastic windows  and PVC doors allow reproducing a product of almost any size and configuration, however, there are certain limitations:

• for pivoting casements of PVC windows, the height should be at least twice the width;
• for flaps, the width should be greater than the height;
• dull windows can not be more than 100 cm², otherwise the PVC double-glazed window quickly deforms and fails.

Although it is not difficult to make double-glazed windows of PVC windows and doors that do not comply with GOST, ordering non-standard plastic windows and doors for the home, it is recommended that the manufacturer’s specialists be involved in the measurements, while specifying the height of the window from the floor. It should be borne in mind that the cost of non-standard PVC windows and doors for a house is much higher than standard size products.

When ordering PVC windows and doors, it is not enough to consider only standard or non-standard sizes for window and door openings and their location from the floor in the house. Double-glazed windows themselves differ in their characteristics and are divided into three conditional classes:

• economy;
• middle;
• premium and super premium.

The modern market offers a variety of double-glazed windows of PVC windows

Double-glazed windows are characterized by such criteria as:

• number of chambers - the more, the better heat is saved;
• mounting depth of the box;
• number of insulation loops;
• hardware design;
• burglar resistance.

The presence in the house of standard openings for windows or doors will solve the issue of glazing more economically, but there is no guarantee that there will be no problems during installation. Therefore, you should still call the master and take measurements, including the height of the window sill from the floor in the house.

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